The relation of outcomes, measured in a variety of ways, to the inputs required for that level of production. In business, efficiency of materials, energy, personnel, investment, and processes are commonly measured in order to measure performance and prioritize expenditures and projects. In sustainable business, a system’s perspective requires addressing untraditional economic effects (such as lost energy through waste, life cycle analysis of materials, toxicity of materials, and subsidies) as well as social and environmental effects in order to assess actual efficiency.
Also known as electronic waste or high-tech trash, it is considered hazardous waste. E-waste contains harmful metals such as lead, cadmium, and mercury. When these elements are...
Earth Overshoot Day is the day each calendar year when the human demand, the natural resources we consume and the carbon dioxide emissions we create, exceeds the planet’s ability t...
The central strategy in the cradle-to-cradle development method seeks to create industrial systems that emulate healthy natural systems. The central principle of eco-effectiveness...